Anti-aging movement

The anti-aging movement is a social movement devoted to eliminating or reversing aging , or reducing the effects of it. [1] [2] A substantial portion of the attention of the movement is on the possibilities for life extension , but there is also interest in techniques such as cosmetic surgery which ameliorates the effects of aging rather than delay or defeat it. [3]

Two popular proponents of the anti-aging movement include Ray Kurzweil , who says it can defeat aging through the advance of technology , [4] and Aubrey De Gray , who says that the human body is a very complicated machine and thus, can be repaired Indefinitely. [5] Gary Ruvkun , Cynthia Kenyon , and Arthur D. Levinson, other scientists and significant contributors to the movement include molecular biologists, geneticists, and biomedical gerontologists . However, figures in the gerontology community in 2003 have been proven to distance their research from the perceived pseudoscience of the movement.[6]

Anti-aging medicine

Main article: Anti-aging medicine

Anti-aging medicine HAS Become a budding and Rapidly growing medical specialty as physicians INITIALLY Who Sought treatment for Themselves-have received training and certification in practice ict [1] by Such organisms as the American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine (A4M).

Human growth hormone

Central to anti-aging is the administration of human growth hormone . [7] Clinical studies have shown that low-dose growth hormone (GH) deficiency increases muscle mass, decreasing fat mass, and increasing bone density and muscle strength. It also improves cardiovascular parameters (ie decrease of LDL cholesterol ) and affects the quality of life without significant side effects. [8] [9] [10]However, it is also dangerous when used in injectable form, if proper protocols are followed. It is not approved for use in healthy aging patients, though many have been using it for this reason for decades now. This restriction is particularly related to the development of adult growth hormone deficiency, [11] which presumably has resulted in reduced secretion of the hormone. [12]

Menopausal hormone drugs

Administration of estrogen and other hormones such as progestin were popularized by the 1966 book Forever Feminine by Robert A. Wilson. [13] However, the increase of estrogen use is shown to be associated with an increased risk of cancer. [14] Later, in 2002, the women’s health initiative , produced the effects of estrogen on post-menopausal women . [15] Physicians who prescribe the hormones now prescribe low doses of the drugs. Research into the long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy is continuing, with a 2017 Cochrane systematic reviewConcluding That long-term use May Decrease the risk of bone fractures or postmenopausal osteoporosis , aim Increase the risk of stroke , heart attacks , endometrial cancer , and breast cancer . [16] Hormone therapy is usually recommended for postmenopausal women who are at high risk of osteoporosis when non-hormonal treatments are not suitable. [16] Hormone therapy is not suitable for treating cardiovascular disease, dementia, or for preventing cognitive decline in postmenopausal women. [16] The risks of long-term hormonal therapy for women under 50 years of age have not been determined.[16]

Annual World Congress on Anti-Aging Medicine & Regenerative Biomedical Technologies

An annual conference is held which, in addition to presentations by the American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine (A4M), offers booths and presentations by manufactures of products and services. The 17th annual conference was held December 9-12, 2009 at the THEhotel at Mandalay Bay in Las Vegas, Nevada. According to the A4M website, key conference topics included the following: [17]

  • Alternative cancer therapies
  • Sleep disorders
  • Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy
  • Facial rejuvenation
  • Weight Management including non-invasive procedures for obesity
  • DNA mitochondrial repair
  • Infectious disease and restoring the immune system
  • Exercise physiology for seniors
  • Metabolic-cellular detoxification
  • Hormone restoration in men and women
  • IV parenteral nutrition

Scientific approaches

Biogerontology

Biogerontology is a scientific discipline which has the same area of ​​interest as a branch of gerontology , takes a more conservative approach. [18]

Age Management Medicine

Age Management Medicine distinguishes itself from an anti-aging by being a more evidence-based, proactive, preventative approach to healthcare for an aging population focused on the maintenance of optimal human function and quality of life of degenerative aging. citation needed ] Age Management Medicine is led by the Age Management Medicine Group (AMMG), which provides education and information on the subject of Age Management Medicine to physicians and healthcare professionals through evidence-based medical education conferences, workshops, seminars, certifications , publications and web media. quote needed ]

Mass movement

A substantial fraction of older people, from the perspective of alternative medicine , the purchase of herbal supplements and other products. Some products are not effective while others hold promise. [19]

Realistic and modest appraisal

There are at least two opposite views on the prospects of anti-aging research and development. One group states that it is a great deal of over-heated rhetoric with respect to life extension with over-optimistic projections on the part of its advocates. They also claim that there is little evidence that any significant breakthrough has been made, or is on the horizon. [20] Some states that, this is largely due to a current lack of funding or interest in the issue. [21] A study of the common supplements and hormone treatments used in the Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, which is effective with respect to extending life. [22]Another group notices That recent scientific Successes in rejuvenation and Extending the lifespan of model animals (mice 2.5 times, yeast and nematodes 10 times) [23] [ not in citation Given ] and discovery of variety of species (Including humans of advanced ages) HAVING negligible senescence give hope to achieve negligible senescence for humanity, reverse aging, or at least significantly delay it. Moreover, stopping or delaying aging should be a focus of modern science and medicine since age is the major cause of mortality in the world. [24] [25]

Criticism

Though some scientists think of aging is impossible, there are some criticisms of both the time frame life extensionists envisioning (the first, whether or not, or within the next few decades, or at least before the beginning of the 22nd century) and curing aging is even desirable. Common criticisms of the idea of ​​life extension are more likely to be overpopulated ; HOWEVER De Gray counters That by Saying That since menopause Would aussi be delayed, women Could-have to wait along children and THUS, the rate of growth Would Actually decline as a result. Also, the slowly growing population would buy more people to live in, such as space colonies .[26]

See also

  • Death
  • Aging
  • Brian Hanley (biohacker)
  • senescence
  • Negligible senescence
  • Biological immortality
  • Immortality
  • Indiafinite lifespan
  • Longevity
  • Transhumanism
  • extropianism
  • Biogerontology
  • Life extension
  • List of life extension topics
  • Index of life extension-related articles

References

  1. ^ Jump up to:b Mykytyn Courtney Everts (February 2006). “Anti-aging medicine: A patient / practitioner movement to redefine aging”. Social Science & Medicine62 (3): 643-653. doi : 10.1016 / j.socscimed.2005.06.021 . ISSN  0277-9536 . PMID  16040177 .
  2. Jump up^ Vincent, John (2013). “The Anti-Aging Movement”. In Schermer, Maartje; Pinxten, Wim. Ethics, Health Policy and (Anti-) Aging: Mixed Blessings . Springer Netherlands. p. 30. ISBN  978-94-007-3870-6 . There have been a number of social movements associated with the reappraisal of age-based social categories in the last thirty years. Two such developments are the focus of this chapter. They are the third age movement and the anti-aging movement. These movements present contrasting perspectives on the culturally devalued status of old age; the old age, the latter to eliminate it.
  3. Jump up^ Landman, Beth (12 December 2016). “The Future of Forever Young: 12 of the Latest Anti-Aging Treatments You Can Now Try” . Retrieved 27 December 2016 .
  4. Jump up^ Craig Hamilton. “Chasing Immortality-The Technology of Eternal Life” . Archived from the original on June 6, 2012 . Retrieved May 26, 2012 .
  5. Jump up^ “Who is Aubrey from Gray?” . Singularity Symposium . Maybe it’s because of his background in computer science that Dr. Gray perceives the human body as a very complicated machine. Therefore, he argues that aging is primarily an engineering problem. Thus, we are able to maintain the position of the body and the body, and we are able to maintain it to the best of our ability. .
  6. Jump up^ Binstock, Robert (2003). “The War on” Anti-Aging Medicine ” ” . The Gerontologist . 43 (1): 4-14. doi : 10.1093 / geront / 43.1.4 . PMID  12604740 . Leading members of the gerontological community have recently launched a war on anti-aging medicine, seeking to discredit what they judge to be fraudulent and harmful products and therapies, and to distinguish their research from what they look at the pseudoscience of the anti-aging movement .
  7. Jump up^ Ronald Klatz,Grow Young with HGH: The Amazing Medically Proven Plan to ReverseHarperAgingPaperbacks (May 8, 1998), trade paperback, 400 pagesISBN 0-06-098434-1 ISBN 978-0060984342
  8. Jump up^ Alexopoulou O, R Abs, Maiter D (2010). “Treatment of adult growth hormone deficiency: who, why and how? Acta Clinica Belgica . 65 (1): 13-22. doi : 10.1179 / acb.2010.002 . PMID  20373593 .
  9. Jump up^ Ahmad AM, Hopkins MT, Thomas J, Ibrahim H, WD Fraser, Vora JP (June 2001). “Body composition and quality of life in adults with growth hormone deficiency, effects of low-dose growth hormone replacement”. Clinical Endocrinology . 54 (6): 709-17. doi : 10.1046 / j.1365-2265.2001.01275.x . PMID  11422104 .
  10. Jump up^ Savine R, Sönksen P (2000). Growth hormone – hormone replacement for somatopause? Hormone Research . 53 (Suppl. 3): 37-41. doi : 10.1159 / 000023531 . PMID  10971102 .
  11. Jump up^ “Selling The Promise Of Youth” ArchivedJanuary 4, 2010, at theWayback Machine. cover story Business Week March 20, 2006
  12. Jump up^ http://health-fit-blog.blogspot.com.ng/2015/11/best-routine-for-personal-skin-care.html”Aging: Disease Gold Business Opportunity?”] Article byDuff Wilsonin The New York Times April 15, 2007
  13. Jump up^ Robert A. Wilson,Forever Feminine, M. Evans and Company, Inc. (June 15, 1968), hardcover,ISBN 0-87131-049-X ISBN 978-0871310491
  14. Jump up^ H Jick; AM Walker; KJ Rothman (March 1980). “The epidemic of endometrial cancer: a commentary” . American Journal of Public Health . 70 (3): 264-267. doi : 10.2105 / AJPH.70.3.264 .
  15. Jump up^ “Findings from the Postmenopausal WHI Hormone Therapy Trials” . Women’s Health Initiative . National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
  16. ^ Jump up to:d Marjoribanks, Jane; Farquhar, Cindy; Roberts, Helen; Lethaby, Anne; Lee, Jasmine (2017). “Long-term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women”. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews . 1 : CD004143. doi : 10.1002 / 14651858.CD004143.pub5 . ISSN  1469-493X . PMID  28093732 .
  17. Jump up^ Convention, WorldHealth.Net ArchivedSeptember 28, 2009, at theWayback Machine.
  18. Jump up^ “Anti-aging science: The emergence, maintenance, and enhancement of a discipline” article by Jennifer R. Fishman, Robert H. Binstock, and Marcie A. Lambrix inJournal of Aging StudiesVolume 22, Issue 4, December 2008 Pages 295-303doi:10.1016 / j.jaging.2008.05.010
  19. Jump up^ ‘Health Products for Seniors:”Anti-Aging” Products Pose Danger for Physical and Economic Harm’ report by theGAOSeptember 2001
  20. Jump up^ Turner, Leigh (2004). “Biotechnology, bioethics and anti-aging interventions”. Trends in Biotechnology . 22 (5): 219-221. doi : 10.1016 / j.tibtech.2004.03.008 . PMID  15109806 .
  21. Jump up^ https://web.archive.org/web/20130318122344/http://positivefuturist.com/archive/368.html . Archived from the original on March 18, 2013 . Retrieved May 26, 2012 . Missing or empty( help ) |title=
  22. Jump up^ Kamel, Nabil S; Julie Gammack; Oscar Cepeda; Joseph H Flaherty (2006). “Antioxidants and hormones as antiaging therapies: high hopes, disappointing results”. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine . 73 (12): 1049-1056, 1058. doi : 10.3949 / ccjm.73.12.1049 . ISSN  0891-1150 . PMID  17190308 .
  23. Jump up^ “Scientists’ Open Letter on Aging Research” . Archived from the original on 2015-04-29.
  24. Jump up^ Lopez, Alan D; Mathers, Colin D; Ezzati, Majid; Jamison, Dean T; Murray, Christopher JL (2006). “Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: Systematic analysis of population health data”. The Lancet . 367 (9524): 1747-57. doi : 10.1016 / S0140-6736 (06) 68770-9 . PMID  16731270 .
  25. Jump up^ Brunet Lab: Molecular Mechanisms of Longevity and Age Related Diseases. Stanford.edu. Retrieved on 11 April 2012.
  26. Jump up^ Gavrilov, Rejuvenation Res. 2010 Apr; 13 (2-3): 329-334. “Demographic Consequences of Defeating Aging”

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