Life extension – study of slowing down or reversing the processes of aging to the maximum and the average lifespan . Also known as anti-aging medicine , experimental gerontology , and biomedical gerontology .
Goals
- Biological immortality
- Indiafinite lifespan
- Longevity
- Rejuvenation
Longevity
- Centenarian
- Supercentenarian
- Longevity escape velocity
Strategies
Available strategies
- Anti-oxidants (biopreservatives)
- Calorie restriction gold intermittent fasting
- Exercise
- Geroprotector
- Senolytics
Potential future strategies
- Cryonics
- Genetic therapies
- Cloning and body part replacement
- Cell replacement therapies (CRT)
- SENS (Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence)
- Mind uploading
- Suspended animation
- Immunization
Aging
- Evolution of aging
- Gerontology
Hallmarks of aging
- Altered intercellular communication
- Cellular senescence
- Deregulated nutrient sensing
- Epigenetic alterations
- Genomic instability
- Loss of proteostasis
- Mitochondrial dysfunction
- Stem cell exhaustion
- Telomere attrition
Causes of aging
- Cross-links
- Crosslinking of DNA
- Free radicals – atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired valence electrons. With some exceptions, these unpaired electrons make free radicals highly chemically reactive towards other substances, or even towards themselves: their molecules will often spontaneously dimerize or polymerize if they come into contact with each other. They are countered to some extent by antioxidants .
- glycation
- Advanced glycation end-product
- lipofuscin
- Viral infections (acute or chronic)
Theories of aging
Theories of aging
- Antagonistic pleiotropy theory of aging
- Caloric restriction theory
- Cross-linkage theory of aging
- Death hormone theory
- Disposable soma theory of aging
- DNA damage theory of aging
- Error catastrophe theory of aging
- Errors and Repairs Theory
- Free-radical theory of aging
- Gene mutation theory
- Genetic control theory
- Glycation theory of aging
- Hayflick limit theory
- Inflammation theory of aging
- Immunological theory of aging
- Membrane theory of aging
- Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Aging
- Mitochondrial Theory of Aging
- Mutation accumulation theory of aging
- Neuroendocrine theory of aging
- Order to disorder theory of aging
- Rate of living theory
- Redundant DNA theory
- Reliability theory of aging and longevity
- Reproductive-cell cycle theory
- Somatic mutation theory of aging
- Telomeric theory of aging
- Theory of planned death
- Thermodynamic theory of aging
- Thymic-stimulating theory
- Waste accumulation theory
Organizations
- Alcor Life Extension Foundation –
- Alliance for Aging Research –
- American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine –
- American Aging Association –
- Calico –
- Cryonics Institute –
- Life Extension Foundation –
- Methuselah Foundation – nonprofit organization for the development of healthy human lifespan by advancing tissue engineering and regenerative medicine therapies. It was co-founded in 2003 by Aubrey Gray and David Gobel, and is based in Springfield, Virginia, United States.
- SENS Research Foundation – 501 (c) (3) non-profit organization co-founded by Michael Kope, Aubrey de Gray, Jeff Hall, Sarah Marr and Kevin Perrott, who is based in Mountain View, California, United States. Its activities include research and public relations work for the application of regenerative medicine to aging.
Notable people
- Aubrey from Gray
- Leonard Hayflick
- Saul Kent
- Durk Pearson
- Sandy Shaw
- Roy Walford
- Michael D. West